{"id":1715,"date":"2021-04-12T07:49:02","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T05:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wrmech.cz\/?page_id=1715"},"modified":"2021-04-25T11:58:10","modified_gmt":"2021-04-25T09:58:10","slug":"zarove-nastriky","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wrmech.cz\/en\/zarove-nastriky\/","title":{"rendered":"Heat spraying"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Heat spraying<\/strong><\/h4>

\u017d\u00e1rov\u00e9 n\u00e1st\u0159iky dnes pat\u0159\u00ed v povrchov\u00e9 technice mezi zau\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 technologie. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 vysp\u011blosti a \u0161irok\u00e9 nab\u00eddce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jsou dnes pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 prakticky ve v\u0161ech odv\u011btv\u00edch pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>

Co jsou to \u017d\u00e1rov\u00e9 n\u00e1st\u0159iky?<\/strong><\/p>

P\u0159i \u017e\u00e1rov\u00e9m st\u0159\u00edk\u00e1n\u00ed nan\u00e1\u0161\u00edme kovov\u00fd, keramick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i plastov\u00fd materi\u00e1l nataven\u00fd do plasticky tekouc\u00edho stavu na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l. K nataven\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu v podob\u011b pr\u00e1\u0161ku, dr\u00e1tu, kordu nebo ty\u010dky je pou\u017eito Elektrick\u00e9ho oblouku, plazmy nebo plamene.<\/p>

Nataven\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice jsou pak velkou rychlost\u00ed nan\u00e1\u0161eny na studen\u00fd (nenataven\u00fd) z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tak funk\u010dn\u00ed vrstvu.<\/p>

P\u0159ednost\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie je n\u00edzk\u00e1 teplota b\u011bhem procesu n\u00e1st\u0159iku (do 150\u00b0C) Nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed tak k tepeln\u00e9mu ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed ani deformac\u00edm.<\/p>

V\u00fdjimku tvo\u0159\u00ed pouze p\u0159etavovan\u00e9 povlaky kde nanesen\u00fd materi\u00e1l n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159etav\u00edme. Dosahuje se tak dif\u00fazn\u00edho spojen\u00ed se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem a naprost\u00e9 homogenity povlaku.<\/p>

Vrstva<\/strong><\/p>

Vzhledem k tomu \u017ee p\u0159i \u017e\u00e1rov\u00e9m st\u0159\u00edk\u00e1n\u00ed nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k nataven\u00ed povrchu z\u00e1kladn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, je nutn\u00e9 povrch po dokonal\u00e9m odma\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a trysk\u00e1n\u00ed nast\u0159\u00edkat podkladovou vrstvou.Tato tenk\u00e1 vrstva ze speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slitiny se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nejen za \u00fa\u010delem dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed mezi povrchem sou\u010d\u00e1sti a povlakem, ale tak\u00e9 pro zamezen\u00ed podkorodov\u00e1n\u00ed vrstvy.<\/p>

Typick\u00e9 pro \u017e\u00e1rov\u011b nast\u0159\u00edkan\u00e9 vrstvy je mikroporezita, (v\u00fdjimku tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159etavovan\u00e9 povlaky) ta je u r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a n\u00e1st\u0159ikov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1. Pohybuje se od 2 do 18 %. Ve spoust\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je tato porezita velmi p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e1, proto\u017ee zlep\u0161uje maz\u00e1n\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pak p\u0159i studen\u00e9m startu kdy olej v p\u00f3rech n\u00e1st\u0159iku v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje t\u0159en\u00ed. V opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpade je mo\u017en\u00e9 por\u00f3zitu ut\u011bsnit speci\u00e1ln\u00edm lakem.<\/p>

S\u00edla vrstvy je tak\u00e9 z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na materi\u00e1lu a zp\u016fsobu nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se pohybovat od 0,1mm a\u017e do 3mm ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech i v\u00edce. Nej\u010dast\u011bji v\u0161ak od 0,3-0,6mm.<\/p>

Tvrdost nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee dle v\u00fdb\u011bru materi\u00e1lu pohybovat od 200 do 1600HV.<\/p>

U nast\u0159\u00edkan\u00fdch vrstev je ale b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem prakticky nem\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1. Lamel\u00e1rn\u00ed struktura vykazuj\u00edc\u00ed jistou heterogennost a por\u00f3zitu umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pouze v laboratorn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>

V\u0161eobecn\u011b v\u0161ak plat\u00ed, \u017ee tvrdost nast\u0159\u00edkan\u00e9 vrstvy nen\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edm krit\u00e9riem. Je pouze sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ostatn\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed, ( jako jsou korozivzdornost, kluznost, k\u0159ehkost, kvalita povrchu po opracov\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026) kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed celkov\u00fd charakter povrchu.<\/p>

V\u00fdb\u011br povlak\u016f<\/b><\/p>

Velkou p\u0159ednost\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie je mo\u017enost nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jak\u00e9hokoliv materi\u00e1lu. V kombinaci s n\u011bkolika technologiemi kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na charakter vrstvy je tak mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it prakticky bezpo\u010det druh\u016f povlak\u016f.<\/p>

Tyto povlaky je pak mo\u017en\u00e9 nan\u00e1\u0161et na v\u011bt\u0161inu kov\u016f, nej\u010dast\u011bji v\u0161ak na: ocel, litinu, bronz, hlin\u00edk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Heat spraying<\/strong><\/h4>

When applying thermal spraying, molten metal, ceramic, or other materials are applied and thus the required quality, shape and dimensional parameters are achieved.<\/p>